During the 2023–2024 period, the Netherlands Labour Authority inspected the risks associated with the transfer (loading and unloading) of hazardous substances, in addition to the usual Seveso inspection topics. A targeted inspection guide with assessment criteria was developed and used for this purpose.

In total, 105 inspections were carried out at 101 companies as part of this inspection project. During 42 inspections, a total of 79 violations were identified and enforcement action was taken. These inspections were carried out within the SEVESO+ context together with the other competent authorities.

The results of the inspections were classified as follows:

  • Satisfactory.
  • Deviation – there is no threat of a major accident in this case, but the company can improve.
  • Category 1, 2 or 3 violation:
    • Category 1 violation – a violation where it is assessed that a major accident could occur almost immediately.
    • Category 2 violation – a moderately serious violation where there is no immediate threat of a major accident.
    • Category 3 violation – a violation involving a very limited threat of a major accident.

Violations and deviations

Enforcement

In this inspection project, enforcement action was taken 79 times. This enforcement consisted of:

  • issuing requirements or formal notices
  • suspending activities (in cases of immediate and serious danger)

Risks

In relation to the inspection topic of hazardous substance transfer, violations were most frequently identified in the following areas:

  • procedures and instructions (18 enforcement actions)
  • mitigation measures (12 enforcement actions)
  • safety studies – incorrect identification of hazards and assessment of risks (11 enforcement actions)

Follow-up

Addressing these violations has already resulted in significant improvements for the employees concerned. Although the project has been completed, inspectors may continue to use the inspection guide during regular inspections. This allows them to focus on safety aspects relating to the transfer of hazardous substances and, where necessary, require further improvements.